Executing Strategies in a Global Environment Essay Example for Free

Executing Strategies in a Global Environment Essay Abstract This paper will analyze Federal Express’s value creation frontier, and determine which of the four building blocks of competitive advantage the company needs in order to continue their above average profitability. It will also explore the main aspect of product differentiations and capacity control of the company to maintain an edge on their rivals. Furthermore, for this assignment I will attempt examine the efficiency of FedEx’s current business model and recommend a new business level strategy that will give Federal Express a competitive advantage over it rivals. In addition, this paper will also examine the manner in which overall, global competition may influence my recommended business strategy and I will suggest a significant way that Federal Express can confront its global competition. Introduction Federal Express began operating in 1973, under the leadership of Fred Smith Jr. Before Federal Express, a major portion for small packaging airfreight flew on commercial passenger flights. Fred Smith believed that these two services should be treated differently, because the commercial passenger and cargo shipper had different needs. The commercial passenger they wanted the convenience of daytime flights. As for the cargo shippers, they preferred night services, which would afford them late afternoon pickups and next day delivery (Hill,2013). Since small-package airfreight only went out based on the commercial flight scheduling, it was hard for cargo shippers to achieve next day delivery. To remedy the shipping issue cargo shippers had Smith aimed to build a system that could achieve next day delivery of small package airfreight (Hill,2013). Today Federal Express has grown from a express delivery company to a global logistic and supply chain management company (Crane, et al., 2003). Over the years Federal Express was able to grow through acquistions and large investmenst in information technoloy. The company was also able to stand out from the rest best on their business model operate independently, compete collectively. Smith segmented his compnay into 6 different  component – FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Freight, and FedEx Services, which allowed each component to focus on their own maket segment. By segmenting of each component it provided Federal express the oppurtunity to focus more on customer. Even though Federal Express 6 different components operated seperatley the competed together under FedEx Corporation. Federal Express’s Value Creation Frontier and Their Four Building Blocks of Competitive Advantage Federal Express profitability depends on three factors: The value a customer places on t heir services, the price Federal Express charges for their services, and the cost Federal Express has to incur to produce the services they provide (Hll Jones, 2013). The more favorable these factors are the more value is bestowed on Federal Express’s product. To accurately value, a company’s product management must distinguish the difference between utility and price (Hill Jones, 2013). Utility is the customer’s satisfaction or happiness with using or owning a company’s product or services. Federal Express has stepped up to the plate by making shipping easier and convenient for their customer. Today we can find drop off boxes in front of office buildings and small neighborhood shipping stores. Having drop off boxes offers the customer anytime drop offs and no waiting time. Federal Express has also invested heavily in innovation to add to the customer’s experience (Crane, et al., 2003). The option of wireless technology and the ability to track deliveries and schedule picks on the company’s website provides the customer shipping right at their fingertips. For their global customer Federal Express can offer shipping option to more than two hundred companies. The prices Federal Express set for their services are higher than many of their competitors. Federal Express pricing is considered a premium, which reflects the high quality level of service FedEx provides (Crane, et al., 2003). Based on FedEx stance, their premium pricing is worth it, but they fail to realize their very price sensitive customer who may go with a more cheaper option for certain services (UPS). In this case it make it difficult for Fedex to standout based on branding and the amenties they offer. They may have to think of a different way to differeinate themselves from the competitior. Since Federal Express’s growth and customer, satisfaction comes with a high price tag. Their return on invested capital (ROIC) is very low compared to its biggest competitor UPS. In 2011, FedEx ROIC was 7.41% and UPS was 19.39%  (Hill, 2013). Some say in time the money FedEx spent to build up their company, technology infrastructure, and customer satisfaction may soon pay off. The other positive side is that FedEx spending and acquisition expenses have made it hard for new companies to enter and compete in the packaging industry Along with value creation, a company must excel in the four building block of competitive advantage efficiency, quality, innovation, and customer responsiveness. How well a company performs in these four areas will determine their profitability and competitive advantage over the competitor. These four generic building blocks are a product of a company’s distinctive competencies, which will allow a company to differentiate its product and lower its cost structure (Hill Jones, 2013). In turn, sustain a competitive advantage and better profitability outcomes over their competitor. When determining a company’s efficiency we can look at what it takes (inputs) to produce a product or services (outputs). According to Hill and Jones, the more efficient a company is the fewer inputs it required to produce a particular output. The most common way to measure a company’s efficiency is through employee productivity – the out pout produced per employee (Hill Jones, 2013). When examining FedEx efficiency they were the first packaging company to invest in technology that enabled their employees to access company information wireless 24 hours a day. This wireless feature also allows the employee to collect packaging data, which allows employees to quickly enter packages into the company’s package tracking system, which reduces the possibility of error (Crane, et al., 2003). As for FedEx service, they can be review by its features, performance, durability, reliability, style, and design (Hill Jones, 2013). These features are used by customers to determine the quality level of the services that are offered by FedEx. Based on FedEx’s history, spending to build its infrastructure, and premium pricing FedEx is committed to providing a service of high quality standings. FedEx has also invested heavily in new technologies, which will improve their services, make it more reliable, and valuable to its customers (Amsler, Cullen, Erdmenger, 2010). An example that show FedEx is all about quality is their technology efforts such as tracking deliveries on their website, and offering convenient shipping at the customer’s fingertips. As mentioned before FedEx is all about innovation. They are into creating new services  and processes to make shipping easy and convenient for their customers. One of their major investments is the joint venture with University of Memphis. University of Memphis and FedEx have joined and formed the FedEx Institute of Technology. This investment will ensure that FedEx will not be let in dark when it comes to new technology (Crane, et al., 2003). When it comes to customer satisfaction FedEx tries to identify their customer needs. FedEx heard the customers demanded for a more convenient way of shipping. FedEx has extended drop off times by three hours, offer drop off boxes, and the ability for customer to schedule pickups on FedEx’s website. The only dissatisfaction is the premium pricing set on their services. FedEx fail to adhere to the demands of their cost sensitive customers. These are the customers who only care about inexpensive delivery services. This group of people may use FedEx as a last resort for their shipping needs. Product Differentiation The idea behind product differentiation is creating a product that satisfies the customers’ needs (Hill Jones, 2013). In order for a company to obtain a competitive advantage they must offer a product that better satistfies the customer’s need than its rival. When a company creates a stratergy that involves innovation, execellence, quality, and customer responsiveness they are offering custumers differentiation product. When the a company’s stratergy is about finding ways to increase efficiency and reliablity to reduce cost they are offering the customer low priced product (Hill Jones,2013). In the case of Federal Express their stratergy is not about offering a low priced product, but offering a product that is innovative, meets a high standard of execellence, high quality, and basing the product on the customer’s need. Federal Express understood the importance of differentiation. Since their strategy is not based on offering a low costing product Federal Express had to focus on information technology. Today customers are interested in monitoring their shipments, estimating arrival times, price and cost of shipments. These elements are important to most businesses and consumers as well as the safety of their delivery (Crane, et al., 2003). To satisfy the needs of their customers and to stand out from their competitor FedEx has  invested heavily in the technology infrastructure, which provides options for customers to track and validate shipments at their personal computer. Federal Express works hard to create a high quality level of service that is difficult for their rival to match (Crane, et al., 2003). Over the years, FedEx has been known as an innovator in the shipping sector, and providing a high level of quality services. Due to FedEx’s higher prices the level of service they provide may become unnoticed. To differentiate their standard of quality from their competitor FedEx lets their customers know that if they are willing to pay more it will be worth it (Crane, et al., 2003). Capacity Control With technology, forecasting, and planning strategies Federal Express is able to handle the fluctuating demand in shipping. With General Information Science (GIS) Federal Express is able to build routes for the driver, guide sorting activities of inbound freight, estimate and record delivery times. This information is stored on a cloud, which is use for future planning and test the durability of a route to accommodate package volume fluctuation (Conger, Dezemplen, Haas, McLeod, 2010). Efficiency of Federal Express’s Current Business Model Federal Express’s current business model is to â€Å"operate independently, compete collectively.† Currently Federal Express is under the leadership of FedEx Corporation. FedEx Corporations provides strategic direction and financial reporting for the following operating companies that compete collectively, but operate separately worldwide: FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Freight, and FedEx Services (Amsler, Cullen, Erdmenger, 2010). The idea behind â€Å"Operate independently, compete collectively† is that each company will operate independently, compete collectively and manage collaboratively. By operating independently, each of the organizational components (FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Freight, and FedEx Services) can focus solely on their market segment. Also by segmenting off each component by its own market segment has provided FedEx the competitive advantage in customer responsiveness and has limited wasted time and resources on problem that are not associated with each market (Amsler,  Cullen, Erdmenger, 2010). The benefit of all the organizational component competing collectively is carrying and competing under a well know name – FedEx, which is one of the most recognized names in the industry (Smith, 2005). Even though â€Å"operate independently, compete collectively† has worked for Federal Express thus far, but keep in mind it only provided FedEx with a competitive edge in specific customer focus. To gain a stronger competitive advantage FedEx should add cost leadership to their business level strategy. Cost leadership is a business model strategy that works towards lowering a company’s cost structure so they can make and sell their products at a lower price than its competitors (Hill Jones, 2013). This has been difficult for FedEx, because of their constant expenditures in their infrastructure (Amsler, Cullen, Erdmenger, 2010). Due to FedEx costly expenditures, they are unable to compete with their biggest rival, UPS in setting prices. Global Competition and the Impact on Suggested Business Strategy Based on the international shipping demand among integrated global corporations and manufactures it will be FedEx’s as well as its competitors best interest to enter into the global shipping industry. Global manufactures are interested in keeping their inventory at a minimum and have just in time delivery option. This way global manufactures can keep cost down, fine-tune their production, and meet delivery deadlines (Hill, 2013) . As for global corporation their shipping need are different. They are in need of fast and a safe way to ship document that are to confidential for internet transmisson or require a real signiture. These global coroporation are seeking for the same shipping services the receive in the U.S for their global operations (Hill, 2013). According to Case 7: â€Å"The Evolution of the Small Package Express Delivery Industry, 1973 -2010† the trend for global shipping need is forcasted to grow approxiamently 18% annually from 1996 to 2016. This means there is a big demand for air cargo operators to build global shipping networks that will allow them to provide shipping services across the globe with in a 48 hour time frame. Through acquistion Federal Express was able to build a global shipping network to meet the demand among intergrated global corporations and manufactures. The acquisition expenses, international start cost, customs regulation cost , labor issue associated with global shipping, and the barries to attaining landing right in many markets prevented FedEx to  include cost leadership in their global busines stratergy. Eventhough FedEx does not have the competitive edge when it come to pricing they are t more visible in the global shipping industry than their competitors. They can offer services and shipping time frames their rivals can not offer. FedEx also has shipping hubs all over the world, which include 600 or so air crafts , which allows them to provide shipping option most of their comepitives can not offer. Based on history this was very difficult for other companies to establish this task. Since very few competitor have the same golobal infrastructure as FedEx global companies relay more FedEx for the international shipping needs (Crane, et al., 2003) Conclusion In conclusion, Federal Express’s competitive advantage is not based on cost, but on its technology infrastructure. Over the years, Federal Express has spent heavily on technology and in acquisitions in order to offer delivery options and services their competitor cannot. The spending was geared towards satisfying the needs of the customer, innovation, offering a quality product and excellence services. The only negative side on spending heavily is that the cost was passed on to the customer, but Federal express stance is that they offer premium services and products. Federal Express can offer their international customers shorter delivery time, because of the major acquisition transactions Federal Express was involved in over the years. As for their domestic business, it may be a little difficult to stand out from their competitor. Currently the competitor (UPS) can offer similar services and convenient shipping options at a lower cost. References Amsler, M., Cullen, J., Erdmenger, J. C. (2010). Strategic Report for FedEx Corporation. Vector Strategy Group. Conger, R., Dezemplen, R., Haas, J., McLeod, J. (2010). Using GIS Strategic Planning and Execution at FedEx Express. Crane, B., Landthorn, B., Miri, B., Relph, J., Sanchez, C., Vernerova, A. (2003). FedEx Corpration: Strategic Management Project. Hill, C. L. (2013). Case 7: The Evolution of the Samll Package Express Delivery Industry, 1973-2010. In C. L. Hill, G. R. Jones, Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach (pp. C83-C96). Independence: Cengage. Hill, C. L., Jones, G. R. (2013). Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach (10th ed.). Independence: Cengage. Smith, F. W. (2005). FedEx. Retrieved from FedEx corporation annual report: http://www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/financialinfo/2005annualreport/online/msg_chair.html

Canadian Identity Test. :: essays research papers

Canadian Identity Test.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1: The Canadian Identity is the stuff that all Canadian's have in common, it's like we invented hockey so that is considered part of our identity. We also invented Basketball but the U.s. took that away from us by exploting it and saying that because the man was in the U.s. it was not Canadian, but for the people that know they realize that our identity is falling apart because the U.s. is a much bigger country so they have more power.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2: The thing that create our identity our the sports we invented, the way we talk (eh), the courtesy that we have towards other countries, the food we eat, and even the prices we have. More stuff that makes our identity are the amount of racism in our country compared to the U.S. , also the beauty of the land compared to the overpopulated cities in the U.s. We have the Rocky mountains and many other clean and famous landmarks. Also the crime rate is alot lower than in the U.s., and also unlike them we have free health care and a lower pollution rate.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3: Canada to me is the best place to live in because we have beautiful landmarks, we have free health care that helps my family alot because of my asthma, we also have a government and a large amount of people that are nice to other countries and are less hated. One main thing known about Canada is that we are a center for sports, we also have less racism than the U.s., because if a black child walked into a school in the U.s. 30 years ago he would be made fun of called names and even failed by the teachers because of his skin color. But back in the 1800's black people thought of Canada as the free land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4: I think Canada and the U.s are very different because, we have way less violence, we have less pollution, we are more friendlier to our neibouring countries, we have less pollution and free health care for that matter. Most of the popular sports know in days us Canadian's invented even though the U.s. tries to say they might have, we are more of a free country than the U.s. and we aren't even as close to as racist then them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5: Canada and the U.s. are the same because, the businesses from the U.S. are coming to Canada and putting the Canadian buissnesses bankrupt. Also the T.v. sations from the U.s. are on almost all the T.

Biomedical And Biopsychosocial Models Health And Social Care Essay

Health may be defined as ‘the absence of disease and infirmary ‘ ( Stroebe, 2000 ) or instead ‘not simply an absence of disease or infirmary but a province of complete physical, mental and societal wellbeing ( World Health Organisation, 1948 ) . One definition more luxuriant than the other, the latter proposing wellness is effected by other factors that can non be physically measured. Since the start of development people have looked back to seek to explicate and understand the factors that influence human maps in relation to wellness and unwellness. Many theoreticians developed positions and theoretical accounts of wellness in order to demo wellness professionals how to advance and better wellness in society ( Wade & A ; Halligan, 2004 ) . Two changing theoretical accounts of wellness, unwellness and disease will be discussed in this essay and how they could be applied to Dietetics. These theoretical accounts are the biomedical theoretical account and the biopsychosocial theoretical account. The usage of one theoretical account over another in health care will be reflected on and the one most suited for usage in Dieteticss will be highlighted. The biomedical theoretical account of illness dressed ores on the physical and biological traits of disease, and to bring around these traits will bring around disease ( Engel, 1977 ) . Biomedical theoreticians have a dualist belief in that the organic structure is a machine merely apprehensible subjectively by its compartments, separate from the head ( Morrisson & A ; Bennet, 2006 ) . Much scientific discipline today stemmed from cognition of physical diseases from old ages ago that were treated rapidly and expeditiously utilizing regulations and principles for intervention, with the ensuing effect being remedy, control or decease. This biomedical theoretical account of wellness dominated health care in the past century as all disease was thought to stem from cellular abnormalcies ( Wade & A ; Halligan, 2004 ) . It was exclusionist in its signifier in that those who suffered from assorted societal divergence upsets, societal accommodations reactions, character upsets, and dependence syndromes would be excluded from mental unwellness as these upsets arise in those with integral neurophysiological operation ( Engel, 1977 ) . So what were the effects of those who did non suit into this class? Unfortunately many were disregarded and ignored, or more highly in the 1700 ‘s daze tactics were used to convey them back to being ‘normal ‘ ( Bernstein & A ; Nash, 2008 ) . Alternatively following in a similar model of the WHO ‘s definition of wellness, the biopsycholsocial theoretical account of wellness incorporates biological, psychological and sociocultural factors that contribute to person ‘s wellness. It was Sigmund Freud who foremost looked at a individual ‘s behavior in the 1920 ‘s and investigated how it may reflect their wellness position ; although grounds was limited it built the land work for interesting surveies that would associate personality to disease ( Morrisson & A ; Bennett, 2006 ) . Convincingly, today, it is thought two-thirds of our behavior can be linked to our wellness ( Morrisson & A ; Bennet, 2006 ) . The biopsychosocial theoretical account is both nonsubjective and subjective in its application. With this, a humanistic attack can be taken and it is thought that behavior upsets appear when self-actualisation is blocked. The dietitian utilizing this theoretical account would look at a individual ‘s life style, and societal and cultural factors that affect the person ‘s wellness behavior. Reasons behind this behavior can be established and methods for altering it to better wellness can be established. Dietary appraisal encourages the dietitian to place with the patient potency and existent wellness jobs. While some jobs will be linked to specific medical conditions e.g. Chron ‘s Disease, others will be specific to persons, their psychological science and their societal and cultural position e.g. fleshiness ( Aggelton & A ; Chalmers, 2000 ) . In making this the patient is more likely to grok and accept the advice and hence comply with intervention. If a biomedical theoretical account of appraisal was used, a dietician would be more interested in what is medically incorrect with the patient, focal point on marks and symptoms, and jobs that arise from unwellness that can be solved. The dietitian would give a general list of regulations for the corpulent patient to follow with to cut down their weight in a general hierarchal mode. Important inquiries such as, does the patient understand? Can they afford a healthier diet? and what resources do they necessitate to assist command farther deductions of their disease? would finally be neglected. As one can see, the patient would hold small or no duty of the cause of unwellness and therefore is classed as a victim of circumstance who becomes a inactive receiver of intervention by utilizing a biomedical theoretical account in audiences ( Wade & A ; Halligan, 2004 ) . Engel ( 1977 ) supported the thought of utilizing a biopsychosocial theoretical account in health care so as to give attention and intervention holistically to patients. He suggests that by incorporating an unwellness into person ‘s life and demoing them solutions to jobs that may originate encourages a patient to see how they can get by with their unwellness or disease. In a infirmary the map of a multidisciplinary squad is to see a disease from every subjects point of position and to demo how each subject can lend to the patient ‘s single attention and symptom direction when populating with their unwellness. This coaction of thoughts will look at medical, societal, psychological, cultural, and physical facets of attention. The patient is more likely to prosecute and follow with intercessions if they are happy with their intervention and the practicians involved ( Stroebe, 2000 ) . However when utilizing the biomedical theoretical account and puting orders for the patient, a patient-dietitian relationship may be effected which will do strain on the overall patient result, e.g. if a patient ‘s concerns are neglected by a dietitian they are less likely to follow with intervention and more likely to acquire stressed on seeing that dietitian ( Engel, 1977 ) . Increase in stress degrees like this can increase blood sugar degrees and blood for ce per unit area during a hospital stay therefore impacting a patient ‘s length of stay in infirmary. The grounds suggests that a individual ‘s emotional province ever reflects their map and presentation of symptoms, therefore utilizing a biomedical theoretical account in appraisal can take to a practician disregarding possible path causes of a patients job ( Stroebe, 2000 ) . A instance in point is eating upsets. There are so many avenues that contribute to an eating upset and no individual cause or symptoms can take to diagnosis but a complex twine of symptoms that will take to a summational diagnosing ( National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, 2010 ) . A biopsychosocial theoretical account of wellness would assist the practician to look beyond the patient posing in forepart of them into the assorted factors in that patient ‘s life and how this may impact their eating wonts and forms. By diging farther into this patient ‘s life the practician could acquire a broad image of behavioral, psychological, cultural and environmental influences on these patients eating wonts. It is recommended in this state of affairs, being really complex, a practician would necessitate a assortment of motivational interviewing accomplishments and have knowledge of cognitive behavioral therapy ( American Dietetic Association, 2001 ) . Alternatively, if a dietician was to utiliz e a biomedical theoretical account of wellness many issues would be left untreated as merely the job of weight loss and malnutrition would be managed, when it is scientifically proved that many other emotional complexnesss play a polar function in eating upsets ( ADA, 2001 ) . It could so be summarised so, that from a traditional point of position, utilizing a biomedical theoretical account does non let one to look to cut down mortality rates but instead partly contributes to betterments in health care together with other factors such as life style, nutrition, emotions and sanitation. On the other manus by utilizing a biopsychosocial theoretical account one can look at wellness publicity and primary bar of unwellnesss and disease ( Stroebe, 2000 ) . The WHO ( 2005 ) offer 10 major life style subscribers to over half of the universe ‘s deceases these include, smoking, high cholesterin, high blood force per unit area, intoxicant and fleshiness. Consequently by utilizing a biopsychosocial theoretical account of wellness a dietician can foreground subscribers of ill-health for a patient at high hazard of developing complications or disease. The Dietitian is in a place to assist the patient cut down this hazard and derive control of their ain wellness, i. e. self-efficacy, through behaviour alteration techniques. From the literature it is apparent to see that utilizing a biopsychosocial theoretical account of health care incorporates the doctrines of a biomedical theoretical account nevertheless, the former has wider entreaty in that it examines more than biological factors associated with unwellness and disease. By utilizing a biopsychosocial theoretical account one would anticipate to, highlight countries in health care that need to better, place topographic points where wellness publicity needs to be established, and set up the best patient attention possible. Although it is non possible to wholly pretermit the biomedical theoretical account, after all, it did lead theoreticians to farther surveies and assist our health care system find remedies for specific diseases in the early centuries. However as clip goes by research improves and with that health care should better. As a consequence of all these findings, one can so reason that a biopsychosocial theoretical account of wellness would be better suited to Dietetic pattern. This attack allows one to reflect on single patients and their demands, and besides emphasises Dietitians duties as health care professionals to supply holistic grounds based attention.

The Issue Of Same Sex Marriages - 1890 Words

Same-Sex Marriages Homosexuals are not treated equally in our world today. They do not receive the same rights as heterosexuals. Homosexual couples are not allowed to marry in many countries around the world. All countries view homosexuality and same-sex marriages differently. Marriage should be between two people who love each other unconditionally. Unfortunately, people do not think about the love component in this controversial social issue. They think about the morality of the relationship. Many do not believe that it is ‘right’ or ‘lawful’ for people of the same-sex to be together. People are afraid of change. There have always been homosexuals in our world, but it has recently become more known and accepted in society. Countries like the United States, Iran and Uganda each have different views concerning same-sex marriages due to their culture, religious views and traditions. Countries like Uganda and Iran simply cannot accept homosexuality because they do not want to br eak traditions of a man and a woman. Therefore, homosexuality is not legal in either of these two countries. There are laws created against homosexuals. Punishment may be imposed on those who violate them. â€Å"Opponents argue that altering the traditional definition of marriage as between a man and a woman will further weaken a threatened institution and that legalizing gay marriage is a slippery slope that may lead to polygamous and interspecies marriages† (ProCon.org). There is a common fear among theShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage984 Words   |  4 Pages Homosexuality is hotly debated within the United States of America when it comes to the idea of same sex-marriage. Society cannot seem to agree about whether it should be made legal or not. The views on this topic have been shaped by religion, by the 1980’s AIDS period, and by so much more. 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